QUESTION & ANSWER

Top 10 Textile Questions & Answers (Detailed & Explained)

1. What is the difference between woven and non-woven fabric?

Woven fabrics are made by interlacing two sets of yarns (warp and weft) at right angles on a loom, resulting in strong and durable material used for clothing and upholstery. Non-woven fabrics, on the other hand, are produced by bonding or felting fibers together using heat, chemicals, or mechanical methods. These are used in disposable products like face masks, wipes, and medical garments.

2. Why is carding important in textile manufacturing?

Carding is a crucial process in spinning where fibers are disentangled, cleaned, and formed into a sliver. It aligns the fibers to improve uniformity and removes impurities. This enhances the quality of the yarn and ensures consistent results in the subsequent spinning process.

3. What are the key characteristics of non-woven fabric?

Non-woven fabrics are lightweight, cost-effective, porous, and often disposable. They can be engineered for specific functions like filtration, water resistance, or absorbency. Unlike woven fabrics, they don’t fray and are quick to produce, making them ideal for medical and hygiene applications.

4. How is woven fabric made?

Woven fabric is made by interlacing warp and weft yarns on a weaving loom. The warp yarns run lengthwise and are held in tension, while the weft yarns are inserted crosswise through them. This creates different types of weave patterns like plain, twill, or satin, which determine the texture and strength of the fabric.

5. What is the function of the blowroom in spinning?

The blowroom is the first stage in the spinning process where raw cotton is cleaned and opened into small tufts. It removes major impurities like dust, dirt, leaves, and seeds. This stage prepares the cotton for carding by making the fibers uniform and fluffy.

6. Where are non-woven fabrics used the most?

Non-woven fabrics are widely used in medical, hygiene, and industrial sectors. Common applications include surgical masks, gowns, baby diapers, sanitary pads, air filters, and shopping bags. Their disposability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness make them popular in one-time-use products.

7. What are the advantages of woven fabrics?

Woven fabrics offer high strength, durability, dimensional stability, and are reusable. They are available in a wide range of patterns, textures, and finishes, making them suitable for fashion, interior décor, and industrial uses. Their structure resists fraying and retains shape well over time.

8. What is the purpose of the speed frame in textile spinning?

The speed frame, also known as a simplex machine, is used to reduce the thickness of the sliver and impart a small amount of twist to form a roving. This makes it strong enough to be handled by the ring frame, where final spinning takes place. It acts as an intermediate stage in yarn production.

9. What is the role of the ring frame in yarn manufacturing?

The ring frame is the final stage in spinning where the roving is stretched further and twisted to produce strong and fine yarn. It determines the final yarn count, strength, and quality. This yarn is then wound onto bobbins for weaving or knitting.

10. How do you choose between woven and non-woven fabrics?

The choice depends on the application. Woven fabrics are ideal for products requiring strength, reusability, and aesthetic value — like garments and home furnishings. Non-woven fabrics are best for disposable, cost-sensitive, or specialty applications like hygiene products and filters. Understanding their properties helps make the right decision.